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Shinaki Expedition to Kermadec Arc November 2004 
Images courtesy of JAMSTEC

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Dive #851 
Shinkai robotic manipulator sampling high temperature (302°C) black smoker vent fluids at the NW caldera site.

 

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Dive 853#
Photograph is looking down on a crust of orange-brown Fe-oxide material that covers the sediment slope near the summit of the cone site. The fluids that precipitated this material were likely different in chemical composition to those currently discharging from the

sulfur-rich vents.

 

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Dive 854#
Looking down on relatively fresh pieces of dacite lava as talus on the slopes of the cone site. Have a sandy matrix material and eel-like fish, shrimps (probably two species) and one long-neck barnacle (left hand side) bathing in warm hydrothermal fluids.

 

 

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Dive #854
Large colony of long-neck barnacles attached to lava boulders at the NE satellite cone site. They are all sitting in low-temperature hydrothermal fluids.

 

 

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Dive #854 
Another impressive picture of large colony of long neck barnacles. Fields of these barnacles covered many 10's of m on the lower slopes of the cone site.

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Dive #851 
Gushing black smoker vent at the NW caldera site. The top ~30 cm of this chimney, weighing 47 kg was sampled by the Shinkai and brought back to surface. This vent was 274°C.

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Two further black smokers seen during dive #851. The chimney on the left has the classic beehive-type structure on top when ambient seawater mixes with the hot, acidic, hydrothermal fluids, creating the 'black smoke'. The beehive structure had been knocked off the chimney on the right.

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Dive #852
Close up shot of some red/brown coloured, Fe-oxide alteration of the rocks on the seafloor. The white material is bacteria, the black is ash, and in the centre of the picture are some long neck barnacles.

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Dive # 853
Example of Fe-silica precipitation (orange) on the slopes of the cone site at Brothers. This material represent low temperature (<70°C) diffuse venting, among the black, blocky pieces of lava.

 

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Dive 853#
Picture shows blocky lava talus on the slopes of the cone site in filled with a sandy ash-like matrix. Eel-like fish are bathing in the low temperature hydrothermal fluids (difficult to see) and so too are long-neck barnacles (centre top and bottom) and a species of shrimp related to venting (centre bottom and right hand side).

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Dive 853#
Photograph taken upslope at the cone site. All the pale yellow/white material is dominantly elemental sulfur that has formed a crust ontop of the sediments. Fluids coming of of these cracks were around 68°C and contained high concentrations of gas (probably mostly carbon dioxide). Note all the red coloured shrimps sitting on the surface of the crust in the foreground.

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Dive 853#
Nice example of some of the sulfur chimneys seen at the cone site. They discharge diffuse, clear fluids around 60°C. Here, you can see the chimney is covered by pink shrimp with some crabs also visible


Dive #854
Looking down on a talus slope where the matrix is a crust of elemental sulfur binding the sediments together. Numerous long-neck barnacles are waving in the current and the warm hydrothermal fluids coming out of the slope. The ubiquitous shrimp can also be seen.